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| Target Finish -- Activity
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Target Finish is the user's imposed finish date for an activity. A Target Finish date is used if there are pre-defined commitment dates. Most PM software will not schedule a Late Finish date later than the Target Finish date. Your favorite PM software may alert you to negative float which occurs when a Late Finish date is later than a Target Finish date. This is caused by the duration of predecessors which makes it impossible to meet the Target Finish date. The negative float can be eliminated by reducing the duration of predecessors or extending the Target Finish date.
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| Target Finish -- Project
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A user's Target Finish date can be imposed on a project as a whole. A Target Finish date is used if there is a pre-defined completion date. Most PM software will not schedule any Late Finish date later than the Target Finish date. See TARGET FINISH ACTIVITY on how to deal with negative float.
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| Target Start -- Activity
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Target Start is an imposed starting date on an activity. Most PM software will not schedule an Early Start date earlier than the Target Start date.
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| Task
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A piece of work requiring effort, resources and having a concrete outcome (a deliverable). A task may be of any size (a project is a very large task). Sometimes the term is used to denote a piece of work at a particular level in a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) hierarchy e.g., a phase is broken into a set of activities, and an activity into a set of tasks. Except for this hierarchical usage, activity is synonymous with task.
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| Task Dependency
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A relationship in which a task or milestone relies on other tasks to be performed (completely or partially) before it can be performed. Also referred to as a logical relationship.
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| Tender Document
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A formal document issued to potential suppliers during the tender process to enable them to submit the information the project needs to select a preferred supplier.
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| Tender Management
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The process of identifying, evaluating and contracting suppliers for the provision of a scope of work to a project.
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| Tender Process
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The process of issuing a Request for Information, Request for Proposal and Supplier Contract to select and contract a preferred supplier to a project.
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| Terms of Reference
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A document that describes the purpose of a project, the manner in which it will be structured and how it will be implemented.
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| Time Management
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The process of recording and quantifying time spent completing tasks within a project.
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| Top-down Estimating
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Approximating the size (duration and cost) and risk of a project (or phase) by looking at the project as a whole and comparing it to previously performed similar projects. The comparison may be made directly using "analogous estimating," through an algorithm as in "parametric estimating", or from the memory of estimating experts.
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| Total Float
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Total float is the excess time available for an activity to be expanded or delayed without affecting the rest of the project -- assuming it begins at its earliest time. It is calculated using the following formula: TOTAL FLOAT = LATEST FINISH - EARLIEST START - DURATION
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