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| Ramp Down
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Ramp down is the effort required to close or suspend a task. It may consist of filing away information, making notes, clean-up, etc. Ramp down can be significant, depending on the task. For tasks that are suspended the degree of ramp down (e.g., notes and filing away information) performed will reduce the ramp up effort. See Ramp Up.
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| Ramp Up
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Ramp up is the work required to get ready to do a task. It consists of assembling materials, learning about the task (including new tools and techniques) and the time required getting into an optimum work pace. Initial ramp up can be significant, depending on the task. Each time a task is interrupted there is an additional ramp up—getting back to that optimal work pace. See Ramp Down.
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| Relative Date
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A date expressed as a number of periods (e.g., days, weeks, or months) from a reference point. For example, two months after the project start date. See Calendar Date.
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| Request for Information
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A tender document issued to potential suppliers to enable them to describe how they will meet the procurement requirements of a project.
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| Request for Proposal
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A tender document issued to suppliers in a short-listed group, to enable them to submit detailed proposals defining how they will meet the procurement requirements of a project.
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| Request for Proposal (RFP)
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A document that describes a need for products and/or services and the conditions under which they are to be provided. The purpose of the RFP is to solicit bids or proposals from prospective suppliers. Also called a Request for Quote (RFQ).
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| Requirements
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The statement of detailed product objectives that describes the features and functions and performance constraints to be delivered in the product. The requirements provide the basis for accepting the product.
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| Rescheduling
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Rescheduling is a feature of most PM software that recalculates the start and finish dates of all uncompleted activities based upon progress as of a specified date.
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| Resource
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The labor, equipment, materials and other items needed to undertake a project.
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| Resource
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A resource is anything that is assigned to an activity or needed to complete an activity. This may include equipment, people, buildings, etc.
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| Resource
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Any tangible support such as, a person, tool, supply item or facility used in the performance of a project. Human resources are people.
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| Resource Based Duration
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Resource based duration provides the option to determine activity duration, remaining duration, and percent complete through resource usage. The resource requiring the greatest time to complete the specified amount of work on the activity will determine its duration. You may change the duration mode for an activity at any time. This feature may not be used without values in the Resource Usage fields.
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| Resource Dependency
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A dependency between tasks in which the tasks share the same resources and therefore cannot be worked on simultaneously. Resource dependent tasks can be scheduled at the same time but are limited by the availability of the shared resources.
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| Resource Leveling
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Resource leveling is the part of the scheduling process in which the start and end dates of tasks are driven by resource limitations (e.g., limited availability of resources or difficult-to-manage resource levels). Among the scheduling objectives, is to ensure that resources are not overburdened (don’t schedule more resources for a period than are available) and that (as much as possible) there are not significant peaks and valleys in the resource schedule.
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| Resource Leveling
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Resource leveling provides the capability to adjust project schedules in order to minimize the peaks in daily resource usages. This is usually done when resources are over-allocated. Activities are moved within their available float to produce a new schedule. Resources and projects may have leveling priorities. Some activities may not have any rescheduling flexibility due to lack of float. Either resource-constrained or schedule-constrained leveling may be selected.
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| Resource Loading
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The process of assigning resources (people, facilities and equipment) to a project, usually activity by activity.
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| Resource Planning
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The process of identifying, quantifying and scheduling the resources required to complete a project.
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| Responsibility
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The obligation to perform or take care of something, usually with the liability to be accountable for loss or failure. Responsibility may be delegated to others but the delegation does not eliminate the responsibility.
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| Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
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A tool used to relate each project activity in the WBS with a responsible organization unit or individual. Its purpose is to ensure that every activity is assigned to one or more individuals (only one with primary responsibility) and that the individuals are aware of their responsibilities.
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| Result
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The outcome of performing a project process or activity.
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| Risk
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Any event that is likely to adversely affect a project's ability to achieve the defined objectives.
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| Risk
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The likelihood of the occurrence of an event. Generally, the event is a negative one like project failure, but may also be a positive event, like the early completion of a task.
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| Risk Assessment
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Part of risk management in which planners identify potential risks and describe them, usually in terms of their symptoms, causes, probability of occurrence and potential impact.
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| Risk Management
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The process of identifying, quantifying and controlling risks throughout a project.
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| Risk Mitigation
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The actions taken to avoid, transfer or mitigate risks within a project.
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| Risk Planning
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The identification and scheduling of actions needed to reduce the level of risk within a project.
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| Risk Response
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Action that can be taken to address the occurrence of a risk event. Contingency plans are collections of risk responses.
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| Risk Response Control
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Responding to risk event occurrences throughout the project life cycle. Taking corrective action is an aspect of risk response control.
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| Risk Response Development
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Part of risk management in which planners identify and define actions to be taken in case a risk (positive or negative) occurs.
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